Cat Surgery | What You Should Know as Pet Parents

If you’re a cat parent, you know how important it is to keep your furry friend healthy and happy. Sometimes, though, our beloved felines might need surgery to fix certain health issues. Whether it’s a dental problem, tumor, or something else, cat surgery can be a daunting thought. But fret not, fellow cat lovers! We’ll cover all you need to know about cat surgery in this guide, including typical operations, recuperation, and possible side effects. 

When is surgery on cats deemed non-essential or elective?

Catheter surgery that is elective: 

Elective surgeries for cats are those that are planned in advance and aren’t considered emergencies. These could include procedures like spaying or neutering, which are typically done to prevent unwanted pregnancies and certain health issues. Determining whether cat surgery is elective or non-elective primarily hinges on urgency and potential impact on the cat’s health and survival. Here’s a breakdown:

• Non-urgent procedures: These surgeries, while beneficial, do not directly address immediate threats to the cat’s life.
• Choice involved: Owners have the discretion to choose whether or not to proceed with the surgery.
• Examples: Spaying/neutering, some dental procedures (e.g., tooth extractions for non-abscessed teeth), and certain hernia removals.

Non-Elective Cat Surgery:

Non-elective surgeries are those that are necessary to address urgent health concerns or emergencies. These surgeries are often performed to treat conditions like tumors, bladder issues, or injuries that require immediate attention.

Non-Elective:

• Needed to address health concerns: These surgeries are essential to maintain the cat’s well-being, even though they might not be life-or-death situations at the exact moment.
• May deteriorate if untreated: Leaving them untreated could lead to severe health complications in the future.
• Examples: Removing cancerous growths, addressing foreign object ingestion causing blockage, and certain fracture repairs.

Emergency:

• Immediate life-saving intervention: These surgeries are critical to address life-threatening conditions and require immediate action.
• No time for delay: Delaying such surgeries could lead to the cat’s death.
• Examples: Treating traumatic injuries, removing urinary or intestinal blockages, and addressing severe bleeding.

It’s important to remember that the categorization of cat surgery (elective, non-elective, or emergency) can be nuanced, and it’s always crucial to consult your veterinarian. 

Most Common Cat Surgeries

Dental Work:

Just like humans, cats can suffer from dental problems such as cavities, gum disease, and tooth decay. Dental surgeries for cats may involve tooth extraction, cleaning, or treating oral infections.

Tumor Removal:

Cats can develop tumors in their skin, mammary glands, internal organs, or any region of their body. To remove these tumors and stop further consequences, surgery might be required.

Bladder Surgery:

Bladder surgery in cats may be required to address issues like bladder stones, urinary tract infections, or structural abnormalities in the bladder.

Bladder Stone Removal:

Bladder stones, also known as uroliths, can cause discomfort and urinary problems in cats. Surgery may be needed to remove these stones and alleviate the associated symptoms.

Intestinal Foreign Body Surgeries:

Cats are notorious for ingesting objects they shouldn’t, leading to intestinal blockages or obstructions. Surgery may be necessary to remove foreign objects lodged in the intestines and restore normal digestive function.

Urethral Obstruction:

Male cats, in particular, are prone to urethral obstructions, which can prevent them from urinating properly. Surgery may be required to clear the blockage and prevent serious complications like kidney damage.

Gastronomy:

Gastronomy, or feeding tube placement, may be recommended for cats that have difficulty eating or swallowing due to medical conditions or injuries.

Wound and Fracture Repair:

Injuries such as wounds or fractures may require surgical intervention to clean the wound, repair broken bones, and promote healing.

Cat Eye Surgery:

Eye problems in cats, such as infections, injuries, or congenital defects, may necessitate surgical treatment to preserve vision and prevent further damage.

Will Cats Need Laboratory Work Performed Before Having Surgery?

Yes, before your cat undergoes surgery, your veterinarian will likely recommend laboratory tests to assess your cat’s overall health and identify any underlying issues that could affect the surgical outcome. A urinalysis, blood work, and imaging tests including ultrasounds and X-rays are some examples of these tests.
Yes, in the majority of situations, doctors strongly advise cats to undergo pre-anesthetic laboratory tests prior to surgery. This is true for both elective and non-elective procedures. Let’s explore why these tests are important:

• Assessing Organ Function: The primary purpose of pre-surgical lab work is to evaluate your cat’s overall health and organ function, particularly the liver and kidneys. This helps ensure they can safely tolerate anesthesia and the surgical process itself.
• Identifying Underlying Conditions: Bloodwork can reveal potential underlying health issues your cat might have, even if they haven’t exhibited any outward symptoms. Detecting these concerns beforehand allows the veterinarian to address them before surgery, minimizing risks and improving the outcome.
• Tailoring Anesthesia: Based on the lab results, the veterinarian can select the most appropriate type and dosage of anesthesia for your cat, considering their individual health and needs. This helps personalize their care and further improve safety.

While the specific tests performed might vary depending on various factors, some common pre-surgical lab work for cats typically includes:

• Complete Blood Count (CBC): Evaluates red and white blood cell counts, hemoglobin levels, and platelet levels, providing insights into potential anemia, infection, or bleeding risks.
• Serum Chemistry Panel: Measures levels of electrolytes, proteins, enzymes, and other vital biochemical markers, offering indications of liver, kidney, and other organ function.

What Do You Need To Know Before Your Cat Has Surgery?

Before your cat undergoes surgery, it’s essential to discuss the procedure thoroughly with your veterinarian and address any concerns or questions you may have. Observe all pre-surgery instructions given by your veterinarian, including any guidelines on medication schedules or fasting needs. Ask about expectations for the recovery period and post-operative care recommendations as well. As a large language model, I cannot undergo surgery, nor do I have personal experiences to draw on. However, I can share some key information you should know before your cat has surgery:

1. The Specific Procedure:

• Understand the purpose of the surgery: Ask your veterinarian detailed questions about why the surgery is necessary, what the expected outcomes are, and the potential risks involved.
• Be informed about alternatives: Inquire about any non-surgical options that might be available for your cat’s condition, if applicable.

2. Pre-Surgical Preparations:

• Pre-anesthetic lab work: This is crucial for assessing your cat’s health and ensuring they are a suitable candidate for anesthesia.
•  Restrictions on food and water: Before surgery, adhere to your veterinarian’s precise recommendations regarding fasting and water restriction.
• Transportation and carrier: Make sure your cat is transported to and from the vet’s office in a secure and safe manner. If at all possible, acquaint your cat beforehand with the carrier.

3. Post-Operative Care:

• Recovery environment: Prepare a quiet, comfortable, and stress-free space for your cat to recover at home.
• Pain management: Discuss pain management strategies with your veterinarian, including medication and other comfort measures.
• Monitoring and wound care: Be aware of any specific instructions regarding monitoring your cat’s vital signs, activity level, and surgical site for signs of infection or discomfort.
• Dietary considerations: Follow the veterinarian’s guidance regarding reintroducing food and water after surgery.

4. Additional Considerations:

• Cost and insurance: Discuss the estimated costs of the surgery with your veterinarian and inquire about pet insurance coverage, if applicable.
• Potential complications: While uncommon, be aware of possible post-operative complications and discuss them with your veterinarian.
• Questions and concerns: Don’t hesitate to ask your veterinarian any questions or express any concerns you may have before and after the surgery.

Remember, clear communication and following your veterinarian’s instructions are crucial for ensuring a smooth and successful surgery and recovery for your feline friend.

How Long Is Recovery After A Cat Surgery?

Depending on the type of procedure done and your cat’s general condition, the recovery period following cat surgery may differ. Some cats might recover completely in a matter of days, while others can take longer. To guarantee a speedy recovery for your feline companion, your veterinarian will offer detailed instructions on post-operative care, including pain treatment, wound care, and activity limitations.

Possible Cat Surgery Side Effects

Cat procedures are generally safe, but like any surgical procedure, there are possible dangers and adverse consequences. These could include side effects from medicine, hemorrhage, infection, or problems connected to anesthesia. Throughout the healing process, it’s critical to keep a careful eye on your cat and get in touch with your veterinarian right away if you see any troubling symptoms or behavioral changes. Cat surgery, like any medical procedure, can have potential side effects. It’s important to remember that these are not guaranteed to occur, and many cats experience minimal to no issues. However, being aware of potential side effects allows you to be prepared and know what to watch for. Here’s a breakdown of some possible side effects to be aware of:

1. Anesthesia-related:

• Drowsiness and disorientation: This is normal and typically lasts for a few hours after surgery.
• Nausea and vomiting: These can occur due to the effects of anesthesia and pain medication.
• Shivering: This can be a sign of the cat trying to regulate their body temperature after anesthesia.

2. Pain and discomfort:

• Pain at the incision site: This is expected and your veterinarian will prescribe pain medication to manage it.
• Reduced appetite and activity level: This is normal for the first few days after surgery.

3. Wound-related:

• Redness, swelling, or mild discharge: These are usually part of the normal healing process, but excessive amounts or worsening symptoms should be reported to your veterinarian.
• Infection: While uncommon, this is a potential complication requiring immediate veterinary attention. Signs include redness, swelling, heat, pus discharge, or fever.

4. Other potential side effects:

• Urinary tract issues: Difficulty urinating or blood in the urine can occur, especially after surgeries in the pelvic region.
• Constipation or diarrhea: Changes in bowel habits can happen due to the stress of surgery and medications.

Remember, this is not an exhaustive list, and the specific side effects your cat experiences might vary depending on the type of surgery, their individual health, and their reaction to anesthesia and medication.

These are important things to keep in mind: 

• Consistently adhere to the post-operative instructions provided by your veterinarian.
• Keep a close eye out for any indications of discomfort, odd behavior, or exacerbation of pre-existing illnesses in your cat. 
• If you are worried about your cat’s prognosis, don’t wait to speak with your veterinarian. 

Conclusion: 

Cat surgery can be a stressful experience for both you and your furry companion, but with proper preparation, communication with your veterinarian, and attentive post-operative care, you can help ensure a successful outcome. Remember to stay informed, ask questions, and provide your cat with the love and support they need to make a speedy recovery. After all, our cats may have nine lives, but it’s our responsibility to cherish and protect each one of them.

FAQs:

What should I watch out for during my cat’s recovery?

During your cat’s recovery, monitor them closely for any signs of complications, such as excessive bleeding, swelling, discharge from surgical incisions, or changes in behavior. 

Is surgery on cats safe?

Cat surgery is generally safe when carried out in a controlled setting by a licensed veterinarian. Like any surgical operation, there are dangers associated with it. 

How should I get my cat ready for surgery?

 Comply with any pre-operative instructions given by your veterinarian, including any guidelines on medication schedules and fasting requirements, in order to get your cat ready for surgery. 

After surgery, will my cat experience pain?

An important part of cat post-operative care is pain management. In order to keep your cat comfortable during the healing process, your veterinarian will recommend the right pain relievers. 

How much time does a cat need to heal from surgery? 

 Depending on the kind of surgery done and your cat’s general health, the recuperation period for cats following surgery can vary. While some cats might heal in a few days, others might take several weeks.